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Table 2 Regional cortical volumetric changes in patients with 22q11DS compared to controls

From: Regional cortical volumes and congenital heart disease: a MRI study in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

  

Control

22q11DS

F

p

 

Total cerebral volumea

1,072,287 (101,804)

939,831 (114,254)

52.7

<0.001

Cortical regions showing relative preservation in 22q11DS

  Left

Lateral orbitofrontal

8,227.3 (983.6)

8,055.4 (1,162.2)

20.4

<0.001

Pars opercularis

5,176.7 (925.3)

5,242.4 (984.8)

6.0

0.016

Precentral

14,684.5 (1,575.4)

14,188.6 (1,841.1)

5.7

0.019

Pars orbitalis

2,743.0 (456.8)

2,628.7 (591.3)

5.7

0.019

Superior frontal

27,430.5 (3,653.1)

25,494.9 (3,990.5)

4.8

0.030

Medial orbitofrontal

5,106.4 (880.8)

4,955.8 (787.7)

4.3

0.041

  Right

Precentral

14,493.0 (1,806.5)

14,117.5 (2,006.4)

15.0

<0.001

Superior frontal

25,605.5 (3,313.5)

24,819.5 (3,713.7)

13.5

<0.001

Lateral orbitofrontal

8,273.2 (954.5)

7,901.0 (1,381.6)

12.2

<0.001

Pars orbitalis

3,196.3 (630.0)

3,097.5 (659.3)

5.3

0.023

Cortical regions showing disproportionate reductions in 22q11DS

  Left

Precuneus

11,187.8 (1,633.8)

9,164.4 (1,705.3)

23.3

<0.001

Fusiform

10,379.1 (1,443.6)

8,413.5 (1,534.4)

16.8

<0.001

Rostral ant. cingulate

2,701.1 (600.7)

2,025.7 (471.3)

12.7

<0.001

Temporal pole

2,672.6 (500.4)

2,278.3 (419.0)

11.4

<0.001

Cuneus

3,356.7 (686.1)

2,636.8 (536.5)

9.4

0.003

Superior parietal

14,728.9 (2,562.2)

12,750.4 (2,058.1)

7.3

0.008

Caudal ant. cingulate

2,031.5 (583.1)

1,567.9 (315.5)

6.8

0.010

Pericalcarine

2,258.7 (514.7)

1,754.0 (426.1)

4.2

0.041

  Right

Precuneus

11,452.6 (1,967.0)

9,418.3 (1,472.7)

19.6

<0.001

Lingual

7,545.5 (1,292.4)

6,122.9 (954.0)

13.5

<0.001

Rostral ant. cingulate

2,123.5 (430.2)

1,658.0 (383.2)

13.4

<0.001

Fusiform

9,628.3 (1,430.3)

7,628.4 (1,732.7)

11.8

<0.001

Cuneus

3,860.5 (791.1)

3,118.3 (672.2)

5.8

0.017

Rostral middle frontal

20,440.6 (3,307.4)

17,679.1 (2,576.0)

4.9

0.028

Temporal pole

2,572.04 (574.1)

2,178.6 (394.6)

4.8

0.030

Caudal ant. cingulate

2,450.1 (679.0)

1,943.9 (434.3)

4.8

0.030

Lateral occipital

14,206.3 (2,243.5)

12,217.8 (1,992.1)

4.8

0.031

Superior parietal

14,360.8 (2,222.5)

12,688.9 (1,956.1)

4.5

0.036

Pericalcarine

2,593.0 (602.1)

2,054.7 (417.9)

4.0

0.049

  1. In both hemispheres, MANCOVA comparing regional brain volumes while covarying for age and total cerebral volume were significant at Wilks’ lambda of p < 0.001 (left: F33,105 = 4.808; right: F33,105 = 3.538). Cortical regions significant at the Bonferroni’s corrected threshold of p < 0.0016 are highlighted in bold. All cortical volumes are expressed in cubic millimeters
  2. aCortical gray matter + white matter (i.e., cerebellum and subcortical gray matter excluded)