Table 3 Structural connectivity MRI studies on working memory in high-functioning adolescents with ASD
Study | Mean age in years (SD) | Participant groups | General IQ (SD) | Method | Results | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Location | Fractional anisotropy | Mean diffusivity | |||||
Barnea-Goraly et al. (2004) [91] | 14.6 (3.4) | (n = 7) HFA | 101 (12.2) | Whole-brain voxel-based analysis | Ventromedial prefrontal cortices, anterior cingulate gyri, temporoparietal junctions | ↓ | NR |
13.4 (2.8) | (n = 9) TYP | 107 (8.5) | |||||
Cheng et al. (2010) [94] | 13.7 (2.5) | (n = 25) ASD | 101.6 (18.9) | Whole-brain voxel-based analysis | Right posterior limb of internal capsule | ↓ | NR |
Frontal lobe, right cingulate gyrus, bilateral insula, right superior temporal gyrus, bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle | |||||||
13.5 (2.2) | (n = 25) TYP | 109.0 (9.5) | ↑ |  | |||
Groen et al. (2011) [90] | 14.4 (1.6) | (n = 17) ASD | 98 (18) | Whole-brain voxel-based analysis | Cerebrum, cerebellum | = | ↑ |
15.5 (1.8) | (n = 25) TYP | 105 (9) | |||||
Shukla et al. (2011) [92] | 12.6 (0.6) | (n = 26) Autism, AS | 106.0 (3.6) | Whole-brain voxel-based analysis | Corpus callosum, anterior and posterior limbs of internal capsule, inferior longitudinal, inferior fronto-occipital, and superior longitudinal fasciculus cingulum, anterior thalamic radiation, corticospinal tract | ↓ | ↑ |
13.0 (0.6) | (n = 24) TYP | 108.2 (2.6) | |||||
Shukla et al. (2011) [93] | 12.6 (0.6) | (n = 26) Autism, AS | 106.0 (3.6) | Whole-brain voxel-based analysis | Frontal lobe | ↓ | ↑ |
Temporal lobes, parietal lobes | |||||||
|  | 13.0 (0.6) | (n = 24) TYP | 108.2 (2.6) |  |  | = | ↑ |