Self-injury and aggression in tuberous sclerosis complex: cross syndrome comparison and associated risk markers

Table 1 Demographic characteristics ; age, sex, mobility, hearing and vision status, verbal ability and self-help skills

	N	Mean age, years (SD)	% male (N)	% verbal or partly verbal^a(N)	% mobile (N)	% able or partly able^b(N)	% normal vision (N)	% normal hearing (N)
Down syndrome (comparison group)	43	9.00 (3.31)	41.9 (18)	95.2^c (40)	83.7 (36)	90.7 (39)	55.8 (24)	53.5 (23)
Tuberous sclerosis complex	37	10.08 (3.09)	51.4 (19)	89.2 (33)	81.1 (30)	78.4 (29)	89.2 (33)	97.2^c (35)
Cornelia de Lange syndrome	61	10.10 (3.25)	44.3 (27)	62.7^c (37)	50.0^c (30)	44.3 (27)	66.7^c (40)	57.4 (35)
fragile X syndrome	112	10.88 (2.58)	100 (112)	95.5 (107)	69.4^c (77)	89.3 (100)	87.5 (98)	97.3 (108)
Autism spectrum disorder	188	9.37 (3.14)	85.6 (161)	93.0^c (174)	94.7^c (177)	87.2 (164)	96.8 (182)	97.3 (183)

^aBased on the speech item of the Wessex Behaviour Schedule. Verbal or partly verbal is defined as a score of ≥2. ^bBased on the self-help scale of the Wessex Behaviour Schedule. Able or partly able is defined as a score of >2. ^cData missing from one participant. Bold indicates whether the value is significantly different compared with the Down syndrome comparison group (P < 0.05).

ISSN: 1866-1955