Visual search for feature conjunctions: an fMRI study comparing alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) to ADHD

Carrie R O’Conaill; Krisztina L Malisza; Joan L Buss; R Bruce Bolster; Christine Clancy; Patricia Dreessen de Gervai; Albert E Chudley; Sally Longstaffe

doi:10.1186/s11689-015-9106-9

Table 3 Regions of greater activation for TD subjects than ADHD subjects after conjunction-disjunction subtractive analysis

From: Visual search for feature conjunctions: an fMRI study comparing alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) to ADHD

Region	Hemisphere	Gyrus	BA	Talairach coordinates			Voxel T	Cluster extent
Region	Hemisphere	Gyrus	BA	X	Y	Z	Voxel T	Cluster extent
Frontal	Left	Inferior frontal	13	−36	22	8	3.27	184
		Inferior frontal	47	−26	7	−17	2.56	14
		Paracentral lobule	5	0	−39	66	2.64	33
		Precentral	44	−42	4	9	2.37	12
	Right	Inferior frontal	45	55	15	20	3.03	103
		Medial frontal	6	8	−28	70	2.78	17
		Middle frontal	6	34	−3	54	2.72	121
		Paracentral lobule	6	2	−30	57	2.59	25
		Precentral	6	38	−11	56	3.36	121
		Precentral	6	42	−3	55	2.45	121
		Precentral	6	40	1	26	3.01	52
		Superior frontal	10	20	54	−1	2.64	14
Limbic	Left	Cingulate	31	−2	−36	26	2.98	114
	Right	Cingulate	24	4	0	41	2.59	18
	Right	Cingulate	31	32	−43	26	3.20	24
		Parahippocampal	19	40	−41	−3	2.78	22
		Parahippocampal	19	26	−45	−3	2.52	15
Temporal	Left	Fusiform	20	−38	−11	−23	2.50	13
		Sub-gyral	21	−44	−10	−11	2.86	270
		Superior temporal	22	−57	2	−5	4.10	270
		Superior temporal	22	−53	−23	3	2.53	57
	Right	Inferior temporal	20	48	−9	−21	2.82	101
		Middle temporal	21	57	−60	5	4.06	206
		Middle temporal	21	61	−10	−6	4.04	69
		Middle temporal	21	51	7	−15	2.79	91
		Middle temporal	21	38	−1	−23	2.47	101
		Middle temporal	21	48	−7	−15	2.45	101
		Middle temporal	39	44	−56	6	2.73	206
		Middle temporal	39	44	−71	24	3.89	451
		Middle temporal	39	46	−75	15	3.25	451
		Middle temporal	39	42	−52	15	3.27	568
		Sub-gyral	21	40	−3	−12	2.89	198
		Superior temporal	22	59	−56	14	2.71	206
		Superior temporal	22	51	−6	4	2.80	45
		Superior temporal	22	59	2	−3	2.33	45
		Superior temporal	38	42	12	−22	3.20	91
		Superior temporal	41	57	−17	8	3.09	568
Parietal	Left	Inferior parietal lobule	40	−63	−36	24	2.93	20
		Postcentral	40	−57	−19	18	2.65	23
		Precuneus	7	0	−49	39	3.36	56
	Right	Postcentral	3	20	−33	72	3.39	21
		Postcentral	5	6	−45	67	2.78	33
		Precuneus	31	4	−53	30	2.66	23
		Supramarginal	40	63	−41	30	2.92	36
Occipital	Left	Lingual	18	−12	−54	3	2.53	15
		Middle occipital	18	−20	−86	−9	2.81	30
		Middle occipital	19	−36	−83	13	2.83	25
	Right	Cuneus	18	12	−99	7	2.67	12
		Cuneus	30	10	−62	7	2.51	34
		Middle occipital	19	53	−64	−4	3.27	451
Sub-lobar	Left	Caudate: caudate body		−16	−14	21	3.97	101
		Caudate: caudate body		−6	20	6	3.38	389
		Caudate: caudate tail		−20	−40	15	3.33	49
		Claustrum		−38	−11	4	3.30	270
		Claustrum		−30	−5	17	2.55	22
		Insula	13	−34	−13	17	2.48	22
		Lentiform nucleus: medial globus pallidus		−14	−4	0	3.01	115
		Thalamus		−18	−7	17	2.62	101
		Thalamus		−6	−12	1	2.20	115
		Thalamus: pulvinar		−6	−29	12	3.10	103
	Right	Claustrum		36	−10	−8	3.03	198
		Insula	13	51	−34	20	3.11	568
		Insula	13	40	−9	6	2.78	198
		Lentiform nucleus: lateral globus pallidus		24	−15	6	2.82	84
		Lentiform nucleus: putamen		20	−7	15	2.87	389
		Thalamus		8	−10	2	2.79	84
		Thalamus		18	−14	1	2.50	84
		Thalamus: pulvinar		8	−27	11	3.01	103
		Thalamus: pulvinar		16	−34	13	2.51	103
		Thalamus: ventral lateral nucleus		18	−15	19	3.49	389
Midbrain	Left	Substantia nigra		−10	−10	−10	2.95	115
Anterior cerebellum	Left	Cerebellar lingual		−8	−43	−10	2.88	31
Anterior cerebellum	Left	Culmen		−18	26	−17	2.90	14

FWE p = 0.0167, corrected for multiple comparisons using cluster size = 12.

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