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Table 1 Means and standard deviations (SD) for the ASD and control groups

From: Neural mechanisms of negative reinforcement in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders

 

Control ( N  = 21) Mean (SD)

ASD ( N  = 24) Mean (SD)

Age

14.25 (2.98)

14.35 (3.16)

Full scale IQa

110.79 (13.52)

106.96 (16.35)

Verbal IQa

110.16 (14.25)

105.71 (17.95)

Performance IQa

108.47 (12.09)

106.00 (15.40)

SRSb

  

 Awareness

10.79 (2.27)

9.04 (2.91)

 Cognition

11.16 (2.27)*

16.21 (5.35)*

 Communication

17.63 (3.29)*

25.38 (6.92)*

 Mannerisms

2.32 (2.24)*

15.92 (5.30)*

 Social motivation

9.58 (2.92)*

13.38 (3.61)*

 Total score

51.47 (3.34)*

79.92 (18.46)*

Mean absolute head motionc

0.045 (0.09)

0.058 (0.10)

ADOS calibrated severity scored

-

8.25

Sex

17 males, 4 females

23 males, 1 female

Race

15 Caucasians, 6 African-Americans

22 Caucasians, 2 African-Americans

  1. aIQ refers to the intelligence quotient derived from the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (KBIT); bSRS refers to the social responsiveness scale [61]; cAverage head displacement in millimeter across six planes (x, y, z, pitch, yaw, and roll); dStandardized severity scores on a scale of 1 to 10 calculated from raw Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) scores [49,50]. *P < .05.