Fig. 2

ROBO1 expression and phenotype. The results from phonological coding tests were scored according to z-point comparisons to control group mean values, such that the larger the score, the more problems the subject had in phonological coding. The test scoring was 0 (z ≥ −1.0), 1 (−2.0 ≤ z < −1.0), 2 (−3.0 ≤ z < −2.0), or 3 (z < −3.0) [8]. The ROBO1 gene expression was measured by real-time PCR from lymphocytes from the same subjects with higher values indicating higher expression [19]. Blue diamonds denote males and red diamonds females. The plotted values show a tendency for negative correlation, supporting the idea that the less ROBO1 is expressed, the more deficit there is in phonological awareness