Fig. 4

Tbr1+ neurons of the lower cortical layers. a–d Regular distribution of Tbr1+ neurons in control cortex. e–h Decrease in overall Tbr1+ neurons in TSC and FCD type IIb. Scale bar in e equals 500 μm and applies also to a and e. Scale bar in h equals 200 μm and applies also to b, c, d, f, and g. i Quantitative increase in Tbr1+ neurons in perilesional cortex (PLx). j Quantitative increase of Tbr1+ cells in the upper cortical layers. SG supragranular layers, IG infragranular layers, WM white matter, Co control, PLx perilesional cortex, Tb cortical tuber, IIb FCD type IIb