Table 1 Demographics of each group
|  | AS (n = 70) | SMS (n = 26) | TSC (n = 20) | ASD (n = 30) | TD (n = 47) | χ 2 | df | p value | Post hoc analysis (p < .01) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age (SD) | 8.64 (3.77) | 8.54 (3.08) | 7.20 (4.11) | 9.45 (3.47) | 8.00 (3.24) | 5.66 | 4 | .226 | – | |
Males (%) | 45.7 | 61.5 | 55.0 | 70.0 | 66.0 | 7.50 | 4 | .112 | – | |
Genetic mechanism (%) | Deletion | 70.0 | 92.3 | – | – |  |  |  |  |  |
Mutation | 7.1 | 0 | – | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
TSC1 | – | – | 15.0 | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
TSC2 | – | – | 60.0 | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
UPD | 11.4 | 0 | – | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
Imprinting | 7.1 | 0 | – | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
Other | 1.4 | 0 | 5.0 | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
Translocation | 1.4 | 3.8 | – | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
Clinical diagnosis | 1.4 | 0 | 5.0 | 100.0 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Unknown | 0 | 3.8 | 0 | 0 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Awaiting genetic results | 0 | 0 | 5.0 | – |  |  |  |  |  | |
Missing data | Â | Â | 10.0 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
BMI categorya | Overweight (%) | 28.9 | 25.0 | 26.3 | 13.0 | – | 1.76 | 4 | .779 | – |
Speech | Verbal (%) | 8.6 | 84.6 | 80.0 | 76.7 | 100 | 120.88 | 4 | < .001 | TD, ASD, TSC; SMS > AS |
Mobility | Walk unaided (%) | 72.9 | 100 | 100 | 96.7 | 100 | 41.31 | 4 | < .001 | TD, ASD, SMS; TSC > AS |
Currently/occasionally using melatonin or other sleep medication (%) | 71.4 | 46.2 | 30.0 | 40.0 | 2.1 | 53.52 | 4 | < .001 | AS > ASD; TSC, ASD, SMS > TD | |
Symptoms indicative of reflux (%) | 67.1b | 64.0c | 35.0 | 43.3 | – | 9.68 | 3 | .021 | AS > ASD, TSC | |
Seizures last month (%) | 62.9 | 11.5 | 80.0 | 3.3 | – | 30.21 | 3 | < .001 | TSC > ASD, SMS; AS > ASD, SMS | |
Taking anti-epilepsy medication (%) | 70.0 | 3.8 | 75.0 | 0 | – | 65.79 | 3 | < .001 | TSC > ASD, SMS; AS > SMS, ASD | |
TAQ impulsivity mean (SD) | 15.25b (5.19) | 17.92 (2.65) | 13.30 (7.17) | 15.47 (4.92) | – | 7.28 | 3 | .064 | – | |
TAQ overactivity mean (SD) | 17.40b (9.16) | 21.0c (7.25) | 16.0 (10.99) | 21.57 (15.92) | – | 5.01 | 3 | .171 | – | |