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Table 2 Comparison of clinical features among LGS patients with and without intellectual disability

From: Few individuals with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome have autism spectrum disorder: a comparison with Dravet syndrome

 

Without ID (N = 7)

With ID (N = 43)

p

Gender (male)

5 (71.4%)

33 (76.7%)

1.000

Age at seizure onset (month)

50.6 ± 35.6

26.2 ± 20.0

0.009*

Age at evaluation (years)

11.9 ± 8.6

8.9 ± 5.8

0.400

History of infantile spasms

0 (0.0%)

8 (18.6%)

0.580

Seizure types

 Tonic

6 (85.7%)

42 (97.7%)

0.263

 GTCS/secondary GTCS

5 (71.4%)

29 (67.4%)

1.000

 Complex partial seizure

2 (28.6%)

18 (41.9%)

0.687

 Atypical absence

4 (57.1%)

16 (37.2%)

0.416

 Myoclonic

2 (28.6%)

14 (32.6%)

1.000

 Spasms

0 (0.0%)

12 (27.9%)

0.174

 Drops

1 (14.3%)

10 (23.3%)

1.000

 Atonic

1 (14.3%)

7 (16.3%)

1.000

Status epilepticus

1 (14.3%)

5 (11.6%)

1.000

EEG characteristics

 Slow background activity

4 (57.1%)

30 (69.8%)

0.666

 Generalized polyspikes

7 (100.0%)

42 (97.7%)

1.000

 Diffuse SSW pattern

6 (85.7%)

30 (69.8%)

0.657

 Focal discharges

5 (71.4%)

38 (88.4%)

0.250

 Burst-suppression pattern

0 (0.0%)

11 (25.6%)

0.324

Antiepileptic drugs

 2

3 (42.9%)

10 (23.3%)

0.357

 ≥ 3

4 (57.1%)

33 (76.7%)

 

Etiology

 Symptomatic

0 (0.0%)

22 (51.2%)

0.014*

 Cryptogenic

7 (100.0%)

21 (48.8%)

 

Seizure free

4 (57.1%)

10 (23.3%)

0.085

  1. GTCS generalized tonic-clonic seizure, SSW slow spike-wave
  2. * p < 0.05 (two-sided) was statistically significant