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Table 2 Participant characteristics of Infant Brain Imaging Study sample

From: Language delay aggregates in toddler siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder

 

LR-noASD (n = 115)

HR-noASD (n = 235)

Statistics

Sex (n male)

69 (60%)

133 (56.6%)

χ2(1) = .37, p = .55

Age (months)

24.61 (.79)

24.69 (.76)

t(1) =  −.93, p = .35

Income [n < 75 K (%)]

44 (40.4%)

94 (42.2%)

χ2(1) = .096, p = .76

Race [n (% Caucasian)]

100 (87.0%)

205 (87.2%)

χ2(1) = .005, p = .94

Maternal education [n (% college degree or above)]

99 (86.1%)

160 (68.1%)

χ2(1) = 13.01, p < .001

MSEL nonverbal developmental composite

56.83 (8.54)

51.87 (8.45)

t(348) = 5.14, p < .001

MSEL receptive language score (T-score)

56.98 (8.71)

51.79 (10.43)

t(348) = 4.61, p < .001

MSEL expressive language score (T-score)

53.23 (10.16)

49.13 (11.29)

t(348) = 3.30, p = .001

Language delay (receptive or expressive) [n (%)]

5 (4.3%)

32 (13.6%)

χ2(1) = 7.02, p = .008

ADOS social affect score

2.11 (2.36)

2.34 (2.49)

t(344) =  −.83, p = .41

  1. The statistics column shows results of testing for differences in low-risk siblings without autism spectrum disorder (LR-noASD) and high-risk siblings without ASD (HR-noASD siblings). Significant differences are bolded. MSEL Mullen Scales of Early Learning, ADOS Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. The mean T-score for the MSEL in the general population is 50, with a standard deviation of 10. Language delay is defined as MSEL receptive or expressive scores ≤ 1.5 standard deviations below the mean