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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and typically developing (TD) control groups overall and within sex

From: ADHD-related sex differences in fronto-subcortical intrinsic functional connectivity and associations with delay discounting

 

TD

ADHD

Group comparisons

Girls

(n = 21)

Boys

(n = 54)

All

(n = 75)

Girls

(n = 20)

Boys

(n = 52)

All

(n = 72)

Girls TD vs. ADHD

Boys TD vs. ADHD

All TD vs. ADHD

ADHD boys vs. girls

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

p values

Age (years)

10.3

1.1

10.3

1.2

10.3

1.2

9.8

1.1

10.2

1.4

10.1

1.3

.166

.575

.250

.319

% Male

n/a

n/a

72%

n/a

n/a

72%

n/a

n/a

.976

n/a

% Minority

38%

48%

45%

35%

33%

33%

.837

.105

.137

.852

SES

53.9

9.4

52.8

10.0

53.1

9.8

54.1

9.4

52.8

9.9

53.1

9.7

.959

.976

.966

.638

Handedness

0.71

0.44

0.61

0.57

0.64

0.54

0.64

0.51

0.60

0.58

0.61

0.56

.684

.906

.774

.771

WISCa FSIQ

112.4

11.6

116.5

13.0

115.4

12.7

111.1

10.6

108.0

11.6

108.9

11.4

.704

.001

.001

.314

WISC GAI

112.8

13.0

118.6

13.9

117.0

13.8

113.6

11.2

112.0

13.7

112.4

13.0

.846

.017

.044

.651

CPRS IA T

47.2

6.1

44.1

5.7

45.0

6.0

82.6

9.1

71.0

8.4

74.3

10.0

< .001

< .001

< .001

< .001

CPRS HI T

48.5

7.5

46.3

5.5

46.9

6.2

75.6

16.3

68.9

14.4

70.8

15.2

< .001

< .001

< .001

.096

ADHD-RS IA

3.2

2.8

3.4

3.0

3.3

2.9

20.2

4.9

18.3

4.4

18.8

4.6

< .001

< .001

< .001

.123

ADHD-RS HI

2.9

2.8

2.4

2.6

2.5

2.6

14.4

8.5

12.4

6.6

12.9

7.2

< .001

< .001

< .001

.298

ADHD Presentation

CO:IA (count)

n/a

n/a

n/a

16:4

38:14

54:18

n/a

n/a

n/a

.543

% Stim Med

0

0

0

59%

60%

57%

n/a

n/a

n/a

.460

% ODD

0

0

0

50%

31%

36%

n/a

n/a

n/a

.128

  1. % Minority percentage of subjects with a self-reported race of African American, Asian, Hispanic, or Biracial, SES Hollingshead Four-Factor Index of Socioeconomic Status, WISC Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, FSIQ Full-scale IQ, GAI General Ability Index, CPRS IA T Conners Parent Rating Scales DSM Inattention Scale T-score, CPRS HI T Conners Parent Rating Scales DSM Hyperactivity/Impulsivity Scale T-score, ADHD-RS HI ADHD Rating Scale Hyperactivity/Impulsivity raw score, ADHD-RS IA ADHD Rating Scale Inattention raw score, CO combined presentation, IA predominantly inattentive presentation, % Stim Med percentage of subjects taking stimulant medication at the time of the study (all subjects discontinued medication the day prior to and day of study participation), % ODD percentage of subjects diagnosed with comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder
  2. a121 participants were administered the WISC-IV, 26 participants were administered the WISC-V
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Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

ISSN: 1866-1955

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