Cognitive training for children and adolescents with fragile X syndrome: a randomized controlled trial of Cogmed

Hessl, David; Schweitzer, Julie B.; Nguyen, Danh V.; McLennan, Yingratana A.; Johnston, Cindy; Shickman, Ryan; Chen, Yanjun

doi:10.1186/s11689-019-9264-2

Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Table 3 Linear mixed effect model comparison of outcomes over time (combined groups)

From: Cognitive training for children and adolescents with fragile X syndrome: a randomized controlled trial of Cogmed

Outcome	Comparison	Estimates
Outcome	Comparison	Est.	SD	p value
(A) Primary outcomes
Leiter-Revised Spatial Memory	PT vs. BL	2.62	0.85	0.003
	FU vs. BL	2.21	0.89	0.014
	FU vs. PT	− 0.41	0.90	0.650
Stanford Binet-5 Block Span	PT vs. BL	1.41	0.25	< .0001
	FU vs. BL	1.36	0.26	< .0001
	FU vs. PT	− 0.05	0.26	0.856
(B) Secondary outcomes
Digit Span	PT vs. BL	0.85	0.20	< .0001
	FU vs. BL	1.30	0.21	< .0001
	FU vs. PT	0.45	0.21	0.029
BRIEF
Parent—Working Memory	PT vs. BL	− 0.87	0.29	0.003
	FU vs. BL	− 0.74	0.30	0.015
	FU vs. PT	0.13	0.30	0.668
Teacher—Working Memory	PT vs. BL	− 1.16	0.41	0.006
	FU vs. BL	− 1.90	0.54	0.001
	FU vs. PT	− 0.74	0.54	0.172
Parent—GEC	PT vs. BL	− 5.65	1.46	< .0001
	FU vs. BL	− 4.04	1.50	0.008
	FU vs. PT	1.62	1.49	0.279
Teacher—GEC	PT vs. BL	− 4.93	2.45	0.048
	FU vs. BL	− 9.20	3.21	0.006
	FU vs. PT	− 4.27	3.19	0.185
Conners
Parent—Inattention	PT vs. BL	− 1.38	0.44	0.002
	FU vs. BL	− 0.80	0.45	0.080
	FU vs. PT	0.58	0.46	0.203
Teacher—Inattention	PT vs. BL	− 2.03	0.70	0.005
	FU vs. BL	− 1.63	0.98	0.100
	FU vs. PT	0.40	0.97	0.678
Parent—Hyperactivity/Impulsivity	PT vs. BL	− 0.76	0.56	0.179
	FU vs. BL	0.16	0.58	0.787
	FU vs. PT	0.91	0.58	0.118
Teacher—Hyperactivity/Impulsivity	PT vs. BL	− 0.69	1.02	0.498
	FU vs. BL	− 1.35	1.40	0.338
	FU vs. PT	− 0.65	1.39	0.639
KiTAP
Distractibility Errors	PT vs. BL	− 2.14	0.92	0.021
	FU vs. BL	− 1.64	1.05	0.119
	FU vs. PT	0.50	1.04	0.631
Alertness SD of RT	PT vs. BL	− 20.11	24.98	0.422
	FU vs. BL	19.57	28.10	0.487
	FU vs. PT	39.67	27.94	0.158
Flexibility False Alarms	PT vs. BL	− 1.37	0.39	0.001
	FU vs. BL	− 1.28	0.44	0.004
	FU vs. PT	0.10	0.43	0.823
Go NoGo False Alarms	PT vs. BL	1.02	0.46	0.030
	FU vs. BL	0.62	0.53	0.240
	FU vs. PT	− 0.39	0.52	0.453

BRIEF Behavior Rating of Executive Function, PT post-training, FU follow-up, BL baseline, SD standard deviation, RT reaction time, KiTAP Kiddie Test of Attentional Performance, GEC Global Executive Composite

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ISSN: 1866-1955

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