Mean (SE) {n} | Placebo | Choline | Statistic | Sig. | Effect size |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Memory | |||||
 EI short delay components a | 96.1(0.9) {16} | 97.8 (0.9) {15} | F (1, 30) = 1.89 | p = 0.18 | PE2 = 0.06 |
 EI short delay pairs a | 63.2 (2.6) {16} | 63.8 (2.7) {15} | F (1, 30) = 0.29 | p = 0.87 | PE2 = 0.00 |
 EI short delay adjacent pairs a | 21.3 (3.8) {16} | 24.7 (4.0) {15} | F (1, 30) = 0.38 | p = 0.55 | PE2 = 0.13 |
 NEPSY-II Memory for Names Delayed | 6.2 (3.2) {16} | 9.1 (4.3) {15} | F (1, 30) = 4.75 | p = 0.04* | d = 0.77 |
 NEPSY-II Memory for Faces Delayed | 8.8 (3.7) {13} | 8.7(2.3) {14} | F (1, 26) = 0.00 | p = 0.96 | d = 0.03 |
 NEPSY-II Narrative Memory | 7.8 (3.6) {16} | 8.3 (2.4) {15} | F (1, 30) = 0.01 | p = 0.93 | d = 0.16 |
 NIH Toolbox PSMT | 47.4 (13.6) {16} | 50.9 (14.2) {15} | F (1, 30) = 0.49 | p = 0.49 | d = 0.25 |
Executive functioning | |||||
 NIH Toolbox DCCST | 40.4 (7.5) {15} | 44.1 (10.8) {15} | F (1, 29) = 1.29 | p = 0.27 | d = 0.40 |
 NIH Toolbox Flanker test | 39.8 (8.0) {16} | 45.6 (9.6) {15} | F (1, 30) = 3.32 | p = 0.08 | d = 0.66 |