Table 2 Comparison of clusters and factors between the feasibility study (Leclezio et al. 2018) and this study (the replication study)
Clusters and factors | Variables | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Both feasibility and replication studies | Replication study (current study) | Feasibility study (Leclezio et al. 2018) | |
TAND clusters | |||
1. Mood/anxiety | Anxiety (Banx) Depressed mood (Bdep) Extreme shyness (Bshy) Sleep difficulties (Bsleep) | - | - |
2. Dysregulated behavior | Mood swings (Bmood) Aggressive outbursts (Baggr) Temper tantrums (Btemp) | - | - |
3. ASD-like | Absent or delayed language (Blang) Repeating words or phrases (BU.lan) Poor eye contact (Beye) Repetitive behaviors (Brep) Difficulties with eating (Beat) | Peer difficulties (Bp.diff) Rigidity/inflexibility (Bflex) | Self-injury (Bs.inj) Visuo-spatial difficulties (NPSv.spat) |
4. Hyperactive/impulsive | Overactivity (Bo.act) Impulsivity (Bimpul) | Self-injury (Bs.inj) | Rigidity/inflexibility (Bflex) Restlessness (Brestl) |
5. Neuropsychological | Difficulty paying attention (Ba.diff) Memory difficulties (NPSmem) Attention difficulties (NPSatt) Dual-tasking difficulties (NPSd.task) Executive difficulties (NPSexe) | - | Visuo-spatial difficulties (NPSdisor) Peer difficulties (Bp.diff) |
6. Scholastic | Reading difficulties (SCread) Writing difficulties (SCwrit) Spelling difficulties (SCspel) Mathematics difficulties (SCmath) | Restlessness (Brestl) Visuo-spatial difficulties (NPSv.spat) Disorientation (NPSdisor) | - |
TAND factors | |||
1. Scholastic and Neuropsychological | Dueal-task difficulties (NPSd.task) Executive difficulties (NPSexe) Mathematics difficulties (SCmath) Reading difficulties (SCread) Writing difficulties (SCwrit) Spelling difficulties (SCspel) | Visuo-spatial difficulties (NPSv.spat) Memory difficulties (NPSmem) Disorientation (NPSdisor) Poor eye contact (Beye) | Attention difficulties (Ba.diff) Neuropsychological attention difficulties (NPSatt) |
2. ASD-like | Absent or delayed language (Blang) Repeating words or phrases (BU.lan) Peer difficulties (Bp.diff) Repetitive behaviors (Brep) Eating difficulties (Beat) | Rigidity/inflexibility (Bflex) | Visuo-spatial difficulties (NPSv.spat) Disorientation (NPSdisor) Self-injury (Bs.inj) Poor eye contact (Beye) |
3. Hyperactive/impulsive | Restlessness (Brestl) Overactivity (Bo.act) Impulsivity (Bimpul) | Self-injury (Bs.inj) | Rigidity/inflexibility (Bflex) |
4. Dysregulated behavior | Aggressive outbursts (Baggr) Temper tantrums (Btemp) | Extreme shyness (Bshy) | Anxiety (Banx) Mood swings (Bmood) |
5. Mood/anxiety | Depressed mood (Bdep) Sleep difficulties (Bsleep) | Anxiety (Banx) | Memory difficulties (NPSmem) Extreme shyness (Bshy) |
6. Attentional | -NA- | Neuropsychological attention difficulties (NPSatt) Attention difficulties (Ba.diff) Mood swings (Bmood) | -NA- |