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Table 2 Quality Criteria for autism Assessment, Sample Identification and Study Design

From: The prevalence and profile of autism in individuals born preterm: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

0 – Poor

1 – Adequate

2 – Good

3 - Excellent

Autism Assessment

Not specified / reported

Clinical judgement only

Informant report / self-report instrument

Screening instrument

Clinical judgement against specified diagnostic criteria (DSM-5 or ICD 10)

Diagnostic instrument / interviews -

Consensus from multiple assessments, including at least one diagnostic instrument

Sample Identification

Not specified / reported

Single restricted or non-random sample (specialist clinic or previous research study)

Multiple restricted or non-random samples (multi-region specialist clinics)

Random or total population sample

Study Design

Not specified / reported

Case series

Historically identified cohort (e.g., via patient records)

Prospective cohort