Table 1 Association between covariates and infection during childhood

N

274,137

282,595

Sex

Male

137,874 (50.3%)

147,580 (52.2%)

<0.001

Female

136,263 (49.7%)

135,015 (47.8%)

Birth order

First

120,946 (44.1%)

130,474 (46.2%)

<0.001

Second

100,348 (36.6%)

100,812 (35.7%)

≥Third

52,843 (19.3%)

51,309 (18.2%)

Season of birth

Dec–Feb

63,102 (23.0%)

67,535 (23.9%)

<0.001

Mar–May

76,236 (27.8%)

74,189 (26.3%)

Jun–Aug

71,724 (26.2%)

72,737 (25.7%)

Sep–Nov

63,075 (23.0%)

68,134 (24.1%)

GA

Preterm

12,538 (4.6%)

18,647 (6.6%)

<0.001

Term

259,245 (94.6%)

261,986 (92.7%)

Post term

1868 (0.7%)

1507 (0.5%)

Missing

486 (0.2%)

455 (0.2%)

Size for GA

Small

5955 (2.2%)

7154 (2.5%)

<0.001

Normal

252,060 (91.9%)

256,864 (90.9%)

Large

7756 (2.8%)

8866 (3.1%)

Missing

8366 (3.1%)

9711 (3.4%)

Cesarean delivery

No

250,805 (91.5%)

250,794 (88.7%)

<0.001

Yes

14,966 (5.5%)

22,090 (7.8%)

Missing

8366 (3.1%)

9711 (3.4%)

Low Apgar score (<7)

No

268,435 (97.9%)

276,398 (97.8%)

<0.001

Yes

2069 (0.8%)

3010 (1.1%)

Missing

3633 (1.3%)

3187 (1.1%)

Pre-eclampsia

No

267,511 (97.6%)

274,246 (97.0%)

<0.001

Yes

6626 (2.4%)

8349 (3.0%)

Maternal BMI

Underweight

7742 (2.8%)

7358 (2.6%)

<0.001

Normal weight

136,642 (49.8%)

145,232 (51.4%)

Overweight

35,625 (13.0%)

45,130 (16.0%)

Obese

10,994 (4.0%)

16,576 (5.9%)

Missing

83,134 (30.3%)

68,299 (24.2%)

Maternal age

<25

39,398 (14.4%)

43,294 (15.3%)

<0.001

25–29

81,387 (29.7%)

82,534 (29.2%)

30–34

95,776 (34.9%)

97,574 (34.5%)

35–39

47,716 (17.4%)

48,881 (17.3%)

>39

9860 (3.6%)

10,312 (3.6%)

Paternal age

<25

18,213 (6.7%)

19,849 (7.1%)

<0.001

25–29

59,360 (21.9%)

61,309 (21.9%)

30–34

91,088 (33.6%)

93,622 (33.5%)

35–39

63,265 (23.3%)

64,659 (23.1%)

>39

39,336 (14.5%)

40,240 (14.4%)

Mother’s region of origin

Sweden

205,870 (75.1%)

202,203 (71.6%)

<0.001

Nordic

8595 (3.1%)

6840 (2.4%)

West Eu and NA

12,282 (4.5%)

12,224 (4.3%)

Africa

11,013 (4.0%)

14,602 (5.2%)

Asia and Oceania

5423 (2.0%)

6239 (2.2%)

Middle-East

19,195 (7.0%)

27,227 (9.6%)

East Eu and Russia

3640 (1.3%)

3822 (1.4%)

South America

5230 (1.9%)

6502 (2.3%)

Unknown/missing

2889 (1.1%)

2936 (1.0%)

Father’s region of origin

Sweden

209,664 (76.5%)

208,152 (73.7%)

<0.001

Nordic

11,306 (4.1%)

8510 (3.0%)

West Eu and NA

8137 (3.0%)

8203 (2.9%)

Africa

9342 (3.4%)

12,877 (4.6%)

Asia and Oceania

8740 (3.2%)

8820 (3.1%)

Middle-East

16,377 (6.0%)

23,586 (8.3%)

East Eu and Russia

5821 (2.1%)

6307 (2.2%)

South America

4738 (1.7%)

6135 (2.2%)

Unknown/missing

12 (<1%)

5 (<1%)

Maternal psychiatric diagnosis

No

165,792 (60.5%)

148,803 (52.7%)

<0.001

Yes

108,345 (39.5%)

133,792 (47.3%)

Paternal psychiatric diagnosis

No

203,417 (74.2%)

200,609 (71.0%)

<0.001

Yes

70720 (25.8%)

81,986 (29.0%)

Maternal infection

No

129,656 (47.3%)

92,021 (32.6%)

<0.001

Yes

144,481 (52.7%)

190,574 (67.4%)

Paternal infection

No

171,631 (62.6%)

150,049 (53.1%)

<0.001

Yes

102,506 (37.4%)

132,546 (46.9%)

Family income

Low (0–20%)

39,139 (14.3%)

40,758 (14.4%)

<0.001

20–40%

55,086 (20.1%)

62,326 (22.1%)

40–60%

58,526 (21.3%)

62,289 (22.0%)

60–80%

59,933 (21.9%)

59,787 (21.2%)

High (80–100%)

61,126 (22.3%)

57,027 (20.2%)

Missing

327 (0.1%)

408 (0.1%)

Parental education

<10 years

15,585 (5.7%)

18,908 (6.7%)

<0.001

10–12

103,202 (37.6%)

109,598 (38.8%)

>12

154,608 (56.4%)

153,380 (54.3%)

Missing

742 (0.3%)

709 (0.3%)

ASD

No ASD

268,334 (97.9%)

273,793 (96.9%)

<0.001

0–<6 years

1132 (0.4%)

2572 (0.9%)

6–<12 years

2257 (0.8%)

3588 (1.3%)

12–18 years

2414 (0.9%)

2642 (0.9%)

ID

No ID

272,086 (99.3%)

278,130 (98.4%)

<0.001

0–<6 years

524 (0.2%)

1886 (0.7%)

6–<12 years

908 (0.3%)

1802 (0.6%)

12–18 years

619 (0.2%)

777 (0.3%)