The effect of autistic traits on response to and side-effects of pharmacological ADHD treatment in children with ADHD: results from a prospective clinical cohort

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants

Child characteristics	All research participants (N = 323)		Diff. between groups (P value)
Baseline measures	All research participants (N = 323)
Baseline measures	Non- ASD symptoms (n = 252)	ASD symptoms (n = 71)
Age, year, mean^a	11.75	10.26	.001
Age range, year^a	5–17	6–17
Gender, male, n (%)^a	157 (62.30)	46 (64.79)	.65
Weight, kg, mean, (95% CI)^a	48.05 (45.77–50.34)	43.97 (39.59–48.36)	.110
Length, cm, mean, (95% CI)^a	152.7 (150.55–155.01)	145.10 (141.96–150.03)	.003
SNAP-IV, mean, total score, (n)^b	43.07	57.06	<.001
ASSQ, mean, total score (n)^b	7.46	22.71	<.001
ASSQ, median (n)^b	7	20.62^f
ADHD medication at 3 months (%)^c
No ADHD medication (n = 30)^c	8.39 (19)	16.03 (11)
ADHD medication (n = 265)^c	91.61 (207.4)	83.97 (57.6)
Pearson chi-square (P)	.06623
ADHD medication at 3 months Subdivided in substances^d(%)			Pearson Chi-Square (P)^e
MPH	74.95 (153.2)	77.39 (43.8)	.68
DEX	0	0
LDX	15.19 (31.2)	15.55 (8.8)	.84
ATX	9.25 (19)	5.30 (3)	.36
GXR	.49 (1)	3.53 (2)	.05

^aUnpooled data after ASSQ imputation
^bPooled data after multiple imputation
^cPooled data after multiple imputation of ASSQ and SNAP IV scores at baseline and at 3 months. (Non-ASD symptoms N = 226.4 and ASD symptoms N = 68.6)
^dMPH Methylphenidate, DEX Dexamphetamine, LDX Lisdexamphetamine, ATX Atomoxetine, GXR Guanfacine
^eChi-square test is calculated as a mean of chi-square for original data and imputation 1–5, since it is not possible to get chi-square for pooled values after multiple imputation
^fMean for original data and 5 imputations

ISSN: 1866-1955