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Table 4 Type of therapeutic response in individuals who responded to therapy

From: Evidence of neuroinflammation and immunotherapy responsiveness in individuals with down syndrome regression disorder

Therapy type

All patients (n = 72)

Neurodiagnostic study abnormality (n = 29)

EEG/MRI/CSF normal (n = 43)

SI%

RL%

DC%

PE%

SI%

RL%

DC%

PE%

SI%

RL%

DC%

PE%

Antidepressant (n = 45)

46

–

29 (13/45)

40 (18/45)

34

0 (0/16)

12 (2/16)

25 (4/16)

54

–

38 (11/29)

48 (14/29)

Antipsychotic (n = 52)

41

–

33 (17/52)

35 (18/52)

28

0 (0/19)

5 (1/19)

21 (4/19)

49

–

48 (16/33)

43 (14/33)

Benzodiazepine (n = 63)

57

–

63 (40/63)

87 (55/63)

41

0 (0/24)

52 (13/25)

72 (18/25)

68

–

70 (27/39)

95 (37/39)

ECT (n = 49)

65

–

24 (12/49)

59 (29/49)

32

0 (0/15)

13 (2/15)

40 (6/15)

87

–

29 (10/34)

68 (23/34)

Nutritional therapy (n = 29)

0

–

0 (0/29)

0 (0/29)

0

0 (0/13)

0 (0/13)

0 (0/13)

0

–

0 (0/10)

0 (0/10)

Immunotherapy (n = 43)

 Steroids

 IVIg

 Anti-CD20

 MMF/AZ

68

27

73

33

38

–

–

–

–

–

48 (58/120)

5 (2/39)

77 (33/43)

58 (11/19)

63 (12/19)

59 (71/120)

26 (10/39)

88 (38/43)

53 (10/19)

68 (13/19)

72

36

82

63

75

47 (9/19)

0 (0/4)

50 (4/8)

67 (2/3)

75 (3/4)

58 (43/74)

8 (2/24)

73 (19/26)

100 (11/11)

85 (11/13)

73 (54/74)

30 (7/24)

96 (25/26)

91 (10/11)

92 (12/13)

45

20

68

0

20

–

–

–

–

–

33 (15/46)

0 (0/15)

82 (14/17)

0 (0/8)

17 (1/6)

37 (17/46)

20 (3/15)

76 (13/17)

0 (0/8)

17 (1/6)

  1. Note: Individuals without neurodiagnostic study abnormalities could not display improvement, and thus, only individuals with these findings are reported. Not all patients with neurodiagnostic abnormalities had repeat testing
  2. AZ Azathioprine, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, EEG electroencephalogram, ECT electroconvulsive therapy, DC discontinuation of medication, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, MMF mycophenolate mofetil, PE physical or neurologic examination improvement, RL resolution of lab or neurodiagnostic abnormality, SI% subjective improvement percentage