Fig. 1

Depictions of results from analyses of regional volumes from the fronto-parietal network (FPN) and default mode network (DMN) networks using multivariate distance matrix regression (MDMR) and effect size analysis. Ordination plots depict the significant MDMR differences between longitudinal IQ trajectory groups in the a FPN and b DMN. These plots were produced using distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) to facilitate visualization of high-dimensional data. The black dots depict median centroid locations of the changers, persistent-low, and persistent-high groups on the first two dbRDA axes. The ellipsoids indicate the standard error of the locations of each group centroid on those two axes. Results of effect-size analyses of the c FPN and d DMN are depicted for the pair-wise differences between the changers, persistent low, and persistent high groups