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Table 4 Neurodevelopmental outcomes in the preterm and term groups

From: Clinical characteristics and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of leukomalacia in preterm infants and term infants: a cohort study

 

Preterm group

(n = 114)

Term group

(n = 104)

P value

Follow-up age

4.0 ± 1.5

4.4 ± 1.5

0.071

NDI

92 (80.7%)

89 (85.6%)

0.338

CP

86 (75.4%)

64 (61.5%)

0.027*

GFMCS

 I—III

41 (36.0%)

38 (36.5%)

0.156

 IV—V

45 (39.5%)

26 (25.0%)

 

ID (GQ < 70)

41 (36.0%)

59 (56.7%)

0.002**

EP

21 (18.4%)

51 (49.0%)

 < 0.001***

 West syndrome

14 (12.3%)

29 (27.9%)

 

 Partial seizures

3 (2.6%)

11 (10.6%)

 

 Generalized seizures

4 (3.5%)

9 (8.7%)

 

 Mixed seizures

0

2 (1.9%)

 

Vision problem

13 (11.4%)

10 (9.6%)

0.668

 Strabismus

9 (7.9%)

6 (5.8%)

 

 Amblyopia

4 (3.5%)

1 (0.9%)

 

 Blindness

0

3 (2.9%)

 

Deafness

1 (0.9%)

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  1. NDI neurodevelopmental impairment, CP cerebral palsy, GMFCS gross motor function classification system, ID intellectual disability, GQ General Quotient, EP epilepsy
  2. ***p ≤ 0.001; ** p ≤ 0.01; * p ≤ 0.05