Fig. 2

Structural and functional alterations in the short deletion (SD) group. A Visualization of the sagittal plane in the parietal cortex (dorsal visual processing stream) at x =  + 26 mm (MNI coordinate system — within the right IPS) showing results of gray matter analysis (yellow to red) demonstrating a local reduction in gray matter volume (GMV), accompanied by a nearby reduction in BOLD response observed during the square-completion fMRI task. fMRI results show a contrast between “square completion” and “matching” conditions, as described in the “Methods” section. Results are thresholded at p = 0.005. B Enlarged view of the sagittal plane shown in A, including plots of fMRI responses (left) and GMV (right) for the SD and control groups at the indicated locations. fMRI plot shows mean and SEM values for normalized beta coefficients found in the general linear model-based statistical analysis at the indicated location of maximum group difference (MNI coordinates 26, − 72, 51; t = 3.3; p = 0.002). Gray matter plot shows mean values and SEM for Jacobian-modulated gray matter volume at the point of maximum group difference (MNI coordinates 26, − 64, 47; t = 3.5; p = 0.001). C Illustration of degree of overlap between fMRI (left) and GMV (right) findings in the SD group and original corresponding fMRI and GMV findings [6] in full-deletion WS group. For these images, results are shown at a lower threshold of p = 0.05