Table 2 Overview of the studies included in the meta-analysis

Benjamin et al. (2014) [63]

4

FXS

14

Proportion of gaze on target object pointed to by actor.

ADOS severity score

Cooke et al. (2019) [64]

2

PMS

15

Proportion of gaze on social (versus non-social stimuli).

ADOS severity score

Crawford et al. (2015a) [65]

6

FXS

12

Proportion of gaze on eye region of faces.

SCQ total score

Crawford et al. (2015b) [66]

6

CdLS

15

Proportion of gaze on eye region of faces.

SCQ total score

RTS

16

Crawford et al. (2016) [67]

6

FXS

15

Proportion of gaze on direct social (versus non-social) stimuli.

ADOS severity score

CdLS

13

Proportion of gaze on direct social (versus non-social) stimuli.

SCQ total score

RTS

18

Crawford et al. (2017) [68]

5

FXS

11

Proportion of gaze on face of actors within a social scene.

ADOS severity score

Hall et al. (2015) [69]

4

FXS

51

Total duration of gaze on face of experimenter during social interaction.

SCQ total score

nsID

19

Hanley et al. (2013) [70]

6

WS

15

Proportion of gaze on eye region of faces.

SRS total score

Hong et al. (2017) [71]

5

AS

8

Proportion of gaze on social (versus non-social) videos.

SRS social motivation score

Hong et al. (2019) [71]

4

FXS

11

Proportion of gaze on social (versus non-social) videos.

SCQ total score

Klusek et al. (2019) [72]

6

FXS

24

Proportion of gaze on eye region of face.

ADOS severity score

Yi et al. (2015) [73]

5

nsID

26

Proportion of gaze on eye region of face.

GARS total score